Abstract
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Allow 2 isolated Process (进程) or multiple Thread in a single process to communicate with each other
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The communication is essential to coordinate the activities among Processes/Threads that are cooperating to get some job done
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There are many ways to implement IPC, but there are 2 categories. Message Passing - Pipe (管道), Message Queue (消息队列), Upcall, Socket and Shared Memory
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We also Synchronization (同步) methods utilised like Mutex (互斥体) and Semaphore (信号量) to ensure no Race Condition (竞态条件) from happening
Socket
- Bidirectional communication channels that can be used by a lot of Process (进程) simultaneously - A process can accept many connections on the same socket and attend several Client simultaneously
- There are 2 main types of socket - Unix Domain Socket & Network Domain Socket
| Network Domain Socket | Unix Domain Socket | |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Network-wide communication | Communication within the same machine |
| Addressing | IP Address + Port | Filesystem path |
| Protocols | TCP/IP (TCP, UDP, etc) | Unix-specific IPC protocols |
| Overhead | Higher due to network layers | Lower, everything happens on the same machine, no network overhead |
| Security | More exposed | More restricted with file permissions |